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DBMS > 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. ToroDB vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. ToroDB vs. VelocityDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure AI Search  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparisonVelocityDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Search-as-a-service for web and mobile app developmentA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQLA .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSearch engineDocument storeGraph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score5.59
Rank#63  Overall
#7  Search engines
Score0.05
Rank#358  Overall
#36  Graph DBMS
#16  Object oriented DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­searchgithub.com/­torodb/­servervelocitydb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­searchvelocitydb.com/­UserGuide
Developer4D, IncCockroach LabsMicrosoft8KdataVelocityDB Inc
Initial release19842015201520162011
Current releasev20, April 202323.1.1, May 2023V17.x
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoJavaC#
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java 7 VMAny that supports .NET
Data schemeyesdynamic schemayesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_idyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBCRESTful HTTP API.Net
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C#
Java
JavaScript
Python
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonono
TriggersyesnononoCallbacks are triggered when data changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication using RAFTyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole-based access controlyes infousing Azure authenticationAccess rights for users and rolesBased on Windows Authentication

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCockroachDBMicrosoft Azure AI SearchToroDBVelocityDB
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