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DBMS > 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. Kingbase vs. Lovefield vs. mSQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. Kingbase vs. Lovefield vs. mSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptmSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score5.73
Rank#58  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score0.50
Rank#257  Overall
#119  Relational DBMS
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Score1.27
Rank#169  Overall
#76  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.comwww.kingbase.com.cngoogle.github.io/­lovefieldhughestech.com.au/­products/­msql
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.md
Developer4D, IncCockroach LabsBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.GoogleHughes Technologies
Initial release19842015199920141994
Current releasev20, April 202324.1.0, May 2024V8.0, August 20212.1.12, February 20174.4, October 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infofree licenses can be provided
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoC and JavaJavaScriptC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesdynamic schemayesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLStandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggers
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBCADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
JavaScriptC
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functionsnono
TriggersyesnoyesUsing read-only observersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFThorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication using RAFTyesnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infousing MemoryDBno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnono

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCockroachDBKingbaseLovefieldmSQL infoMini SQL
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