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DBMS > 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. IRONdb vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. IRONdb vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonIRONdb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.A distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicityElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score5.73
Rank#58  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.comwww.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/azure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-starteddocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
Developer4D, IncCockroach LabsCirconus LLC.Microsoft
Initial release1984201520172016
Current releasev20, April 202324.1.0, May 2024V0.10.20, January 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoC and C++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linuxhosted
Data schemeyesdynamic schemaschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infotext, numeric, histogramsyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLSQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBCHTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyes, in LuaTransact SQL
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTAutomatic, metric affinity per nodeSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication using RAFTconfigurable replication factor, datacenter awareyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodesImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole-based access controlnoyes

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCockroachDBIRONdbMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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