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DBMS > 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. H2 vs. ObjectBox vs. PlanetScale

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. H2 vs. ObjectBox vs. PlanetScale

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonObjectBox  Xexclude from comparisonPlanetScale  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Lightweight, fast on-device database for IoT, Mobile and Embedded devices, persisting and synchronising objects and vectorsScalable, distributed, serverless MySQL database platform built on top of Vitess
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSObject oriented DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.74
Rank#67  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Score7.57
Rank#47  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score1.08
Rank#179  Overall
#6  Object oriented DBMS
#9  Vector DBMS
Score1.09
Rank#178  Overall
#82  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.comwww.h2database.comgithub.com/­objectbox
objectbox.io
planetscale.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.objectbox.ioplanetscale.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncCockroach LabsThomas MuellerObjectBox LimitedPlanetScale
Initial release19842015200520172020
Current releasev20, April 202324.1.0, May 20242.2.220, July 20234.0 (May 2024)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Bindings are released under Apache 2.0 infoApache License 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaC and C++Go
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAndroid
Any POSIX system
Docker
iOS
Linux
macOS
QNX
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesdynamic schemayesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes, plus "flex" map-like typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyesnoyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBCJDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native APIADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
JavaC
C++
Dart (Flutter)
Go
Java
Kotlin
Python
Swift
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsnoyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersyesnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication using RAFTWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseData sync between devices allowing occasional connected databases to work completely offlineMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyesyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCockroachDBH2ObjectBoxPlanetScale
News

MongoDB Realm & Device Sync alternatives – ObjectBox
17 September 2024

Local AI – what it is and why we need it
11 September 2024

First on-device Vector Database (aka Semantic Index) for iOS
24 July 2024

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) with vector databases: Expanding AI Capabilities
18 June 2024

The on-device Vector Database for Android and Java
29 May 2024

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCockroachDBH2ObjectBoxPlanetScale
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