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DBMS > 4D vs. Citus vs. Lovefield vs. Machbase Neo vs. RethinkDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Citus vs. Lovefield vs. Machbase Neo vs. RethinkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonMachbase Neo infoFormer name was Infiniflux  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptTimeSeries DBMS for AIoT and BigDataDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#337  Overall
#30  Time Series DBMS
Score2.66
Rank#107  Overall
#20  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.citusdata.comgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldmachbase.comrethinkdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.citusdata.comgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdmachbase.com/­dbmsrethinkdb.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncGoogleMachbaseThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017
Initial release19842010201420132009
Current releasev20, April 20238.1, December 20182.1.12, February 2017V8.0, August 20232.4.1, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infofree test version availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCJavaScriptCC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linuxserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometry
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternSQL-like query languageno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MQTT (Message Queue Telemetry Transport)
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScriptC
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP infovia ODBC
Python
R infovia ODBC
Scala
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nono
TriggersyesyesUsing read-only observersnoClient-side triggers through changefeeds
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneShardingSharding inforange based
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneselectable replication factorSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoAtomic single-document operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoMVCC based
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databasenoyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infousing MemoryDByes infovolatile and lookup tableno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnosimple password-based access controlyes infousers and table-level permissions

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCitusLovefieldMachbase Neo infoFormer name was InfinifluxRethinkDB
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