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DBMS > 4D vs. Citus vs. Databricks vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Citus vs. Databricks vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonDatabricks  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLThe Databricks Lakehouse Platform combines elements of data lakes and data warehouses to provide a unified view onto structured and unstructured data. It is based on Apache Spark.A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Relational DBMS
Graph DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score78.61
Rank#15  Overall
#2  Document stores
#10  Relational DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.citusdata.comwww.databricks.comwww.tigergraph.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.citusdata.comdocs.databricks.comdocs.tigergraph.com
Developer4D, IncDatabricks8Kdata
Initial release19842010201320172016
Current releasev20, April 20238.1, December 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxhostedLinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infostandard, with numerous extensionswith Databricks SQLSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Python
R
Scala
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functions and aggregatesyes
Triggersyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCitusDatabricksTigerGraphToroDB
Specific characteristicsSupported database models : In addition to the Document store and Relational DBMS...
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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCitusDatabricksTigerGraphToroDB
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