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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Cassandra vs. CockroachDB vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Kinetica

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Cassandra vs. CockroachDB vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Kinetica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.A high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardwareFully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMSSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score98.94
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score4.74
Rank#67  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Score1.41
Rank#153  Overall
#71  Relational DBMS
Score0.42
Rank#261  Overall
#120  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcassandra.apache.orgwww.cockroachlabs.comgithub.com/­heavyai/­heavydb
www.heavy.ai
www.kinetica.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.heavy.aidocs.kinetica.com
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookCockroach LabsHEAVY.AI, Inc.Kinetica
Initial release19842008201520162012
Current releasev20, April 20235.0-rc1, July 202424.1.0, May 20245.10, January 20227.1, August 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2; enterprise edition availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaGoC++ and CUDAC, C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
LinuxLinux
Data schemeyesschema-freedynamic schemayesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyesSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JDBCJDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnononouser defined functions
Triggersyesyesnonoyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified range
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infono "single point of failure"horizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTSharding infoRound robinSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication using RAFTMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesyes infoGPU vRAM or System RAM
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per objectRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles on table level
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache CassandraCockroachDBHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022Kinetica
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsApache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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