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DBMS > 4D vs. Blueflood vs. EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Spanner

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Blueflood vs. EXASOL vs. Google Cloud Spanner

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonBlueflood  Xexclude from comparisonEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemScalable TimeSeries DBMS based on CassandraHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.06
Rank#352  Overall
#36  Time Series DBMS
Score1.66
Rank#138  Overall
#64  Relational DBMS
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comblueflood.iowww.exasol.comcloud.google.com/­spanner
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­rax-maas/­blueflood/­wikiwww.exasol.com/­resourcescloud.google.com/­spanner/­docs
Developer4D, IncRackspaceExasolGoogle
Initial release1984201320002017
Current releasev20, April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
hosted
Data schemeyespredefined schemeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP REST.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Java
Lua
Python
R
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functionsno
Triggersyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infobased on CassandraShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factor infobased on CassandraMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infoHadoop integrationyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflow
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolation
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionBluefloodEXASOLGoogle Cloud Spanner
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