DBMS > 4D vs. BigchainDB vs. SpaceTime vs. TigerGraph vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. BigchainDB vs. SpaceTime vs. TigerGraph vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

BigchainDB is scalable blockchain database offering decentralization, immutability and native assets

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS

Used for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.79
Rank	#212	Overall
	#36	Document stores

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Score	1.83
Rank	#139	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Score	1.44
Rank	#158	Overall
	#73	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.bigchaindb.com

www.mireo.com/spacetime

www.tigergraph.com

www.voltdb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

bigchaindb.readthedocs.io/en/latest

docs.tigergraph.com

docs.voltdb.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Mireo

VoltDB Inc.

Initial release

1984

2016

2020

2017

2010

Current release

v20, April 2023

11.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

AGPL v3

commercial

Open Source

AGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Python

C++

Java, C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux
OS X

for development

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

yes

only a subset of SQL 99

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

CLI Client
RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP API

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Python

C++
Java

C#
C++
Erlang

not officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Fixed-grid hypercubes

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

selectable replication factor

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

FOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Transactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes,with MongoDB ord RethinkDB

yes

Snapshots and command logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

Role-based access control

Users and roles with access to stored procedures

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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Recent citations in the news

An Introduction to BigchainDB, a Popular Blockchain Database
17 September 2020, Open Source For You

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27 September 2016, CoinDesk

Using BigchainDB: A Database with Blockchain Characteristics
20 January 2022, Open Source For You

What is BigchainDB Technology & How it works and the Characteristics?
26 August 2017, Blockchain Council

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VoltDB Turns to Real-Time Analytics with NewSQL Database
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VoltDB Upgrades Power, Security of Its In-Memory Database
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