DBMS > 4D vs. BigObject vs. Memgraph vs. Postgres-XL vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. BigObject vs. Memgraph vs. Postgres-XL vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Analytic DBMS for real-time computations and queries

An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4j

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

a hierachical model (tree) can be imposed

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.19
Rank	#329	Overall
	#146	Relational DBMS

Score	3.19
Rank	#94	Overall
	#8	Graph DBMS

Score	0.53
Rank	#254	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Score	4.99
Rank	#65	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.bigobject.io

memgraph.com/docs

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Social network pages

Developer

4D, Inc

BigObject, Inc.

Memgraph Ltd

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

1984

2015

2017

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

v20, April 2023

10 R1, October 2018

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free community edition available

Open Source

BSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition available

Open Source

Mozilla public license

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

distributed as a docker-image
OS X

distributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)
Windows

distributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)

Linux

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and schema-optional

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

fluentd
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Lua

user defined functions

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

dynamic graph partitioning

horizontal partitioning

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Multi-source replication using RAFT

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

automatically between fact table and dimension tables

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

with snapshot isolation

ACID

MVCC

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Read/write lock on objects (tables, trees)

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changes

yes

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Users, roles and permissions

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Memgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more

Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more

Competitive advantages

Business Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more

High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Graph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more

Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more

Key customers

Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more

Market metrics

33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

You can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more

Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more

News

One busy week to go before Trino Fest 2024
6 June 2024

60: Trino calling AI
22 May 2024

Big names round out the Trino Fest 2024 lineup
8 May 2024

59: Querying Trino with Java and jOOQ
24 April 2024

A sneak peek of Trino Fest 2024
15 April 2024

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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