DBMS > 4D vs. BaseX vs. SpaceTime vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. BaseX vs. SpaceTime vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Light-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.84
Rank	#135	Overall
	#4	Native XML DBMS

Score	0.03
Rank	#392	Overall
	#8	Spatial DBMS

Score	1.80
Rank	#138	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

basex.org

www.mireo.com/spacetime

www.tigergraph.com

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.basex.org

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

4D, Inc

BaseX GmbH

Mireo

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2007

2020

2017

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

10.7, August 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

BSD license

commercial

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XQuery supports types

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ

RESTful HTTP API

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Actionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic

C#
C++
Python

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

via events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Fixed-grid hypercubes

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

multiple readers, single writer

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Users with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levels

yes

Role-based access control

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

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