DBMS > 4D vs. BaseX vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. H2 vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. BaseX vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. H2 vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Light-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.73
Rank	#142	Overall
	#4	Native XML DBMS

Score	14.29
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

www.4d.com

basex.org

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

www.h2database.com

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.basex.org

firebase.google.com/docs/database

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

BaseX GmbH

Google

acquired by Google 2014

Thomas Mueller

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

1984

2007

2012

2005

2019

Current release

v20, April 2023

10.7, August 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

BSD license

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Clojure

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XQuery supports types

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Actionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

Java

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

limited functionality with using 'rules'

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Triggers

yes

via events

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

multiple readers, single writer

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Users with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levels

yes, based on authentication and database rules

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

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