DBMS > 4D vs. Bangdb vs. H2 vs. ObjectBox vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Bangdb vs. H2 vs. ObjectBox vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Converged and high performance database for device data, events, time series, document and graph

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Lightweight, fast on-device database for IoT, Mobile and Embedded devices, persisting and synchronising objects and vectors

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Object oriented DBMS
Vector DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.16
Rank	#338	Overall
	#47	Document stores
	#32	Graph DBMS
	#31	Time Series DBMS

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	1.29
Rank	#166	Overall
	#5	Object oriented DBMS
	#7	Vector DBMS

Score	2.07
Rank	#122	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Website

www.4d.com

bangdb.com

www.h2database.com

github.com/objectbox
objectbox.io

www.stardog.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.bangdb.com

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.objectbox.io

docs.stardog.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Sachin Sinha, BangDB

Thomas Mueller

ObjectBox Limited

Stardog-Union

Initial release

1984

2012

2005

2017

2010

Current release

v20, April 2023

BangDB 2.0, October 2021

2.2.220, July 2023

4.0 (May 2024)

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

BSD 3

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Bindings are released under Apache 2.0

Apache License 2.0

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C, C++

Java

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

Android
Any POSIX system
Docker
iOS
Linux
macOS
QNX
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes: string, long, double, int, geospatial, stream, events

yes

yes, plus "flex" map-like types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

secondary, composite, nested, reverse, geospatial

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL like support with command line tool

yes

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

Proprietary native API

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#
C++
Java
Python

Java

C
C++
Dart (Flutter)
Go
Java
Kotlin
Python
Swift

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

yes, Notifications (with Streaming only)

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding (enterprise version only). P2P based virtual network overlay with consistent hashing and chord algorithm

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

selectable replication factor, Knob for CAP (enterprise version only)

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Data sync between devices allowing occasional connected databases to work completely offline

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Tunable consistency, set CAP knob accordingly

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, optimistic concurrency control

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, implements WAL (Write ahead log) as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes, run db with in-memory only mode

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes (enterprise version only)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

Access rights for users and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

News

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) with vector databases: Expanding AI Capabilities
18 June 2024

The on-device Vector Database for Android and Java
29 May 2024

Vector search: making sense of search queries
29 May 2024

Python on-device Vector and Object Database for Local AI
28 May 2024

Evolution of search: traditional vs vector search
23 May 2024

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More resources

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