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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Pinot vs. DuckDB vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Pinot vs. DuckDB vs. TinkerGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Pinot  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemRealtime distributed OLAP datastore, designed to answer OLAP queries with low latencyAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.40
Rank#270  Overall
#125  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#348  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.compinot.apache.orgduckdb.orgtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.pinot.apache.orgduckdb.org/­docs
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation and contributors
Initial release1984201520182009
Current releasev20, April 20231.0.0, September 20230.10, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK11 or higherserver-less
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languageyesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBCArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Go
Java
Python
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnono
Triggersyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioningnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)no
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnono

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache PinotDuckDBTinkerGraph
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