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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Pinot vs. DuckDB vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Pinot vs. DuckDB vs. Realm

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Pinot  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemRealtime distributed OLAP datastore, designed to answer OLAP queries with low latencyAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.35
Rank#274  Overall
#128  Relational DBMS
Score5.61
Rank#60  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score7.18
Rank#52  Overall
#8  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.compinot.apache.orgduckdb.orgrealm.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.pinot.apache.orgduckdb.org/­docsrealm.io/­docs
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation and contributorsRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019
Initial release1984201520182014
Current releasev20, April 20231.0.0, September 20231.0.0, June 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK11 or higherserver-lessAndroid
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languageyesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBCArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Go
Java
Python
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnono inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
Triggersyesnoyes infoChange Listeners
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioningnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoyes

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache PinotDuckDBRealm
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