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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Kylin  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stackElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.20
Rank#175  Overall
#80  Relational DBMS
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comkylin.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comkylin.apache.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay IncMicrosoft8Kdata
Initial release1984201520162016
Current releasev20, April 20233.1.0, July 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxhostedAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)yes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesTransact SQL
Triggersyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache KylinMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseToroDB
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