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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. Firebird vs. TDengine vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. Firebird vs. TDengine vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Kylin  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonTDengine  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stackFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseTime Series DBMS and big data platformA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.18
Rank#172  Overall
#79  Relational DBMS
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score2.60
Rank#107  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comkylin.apache.orgwww.firebirdsql.orggithub.com/­taosdata/­TDengine
tdengine.com
github.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comkylin.apache.org/­docswww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsdocs.tdengine.com
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay IncFirebird FoundationTDEngine, previously Taos Data8Kdata
Initial release198420152000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase20192016
Current releasev20, April 20233.1.0, July 20205.0.0, January 20243.0, August 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicenseOpen Source infoAGPL V3, also commercial editions availableOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC and C++CJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)yesStandard SQL with extensions for time-series applications
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesPSQLno
Triggersyesyesyes, via alarm monitoringno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptyesAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache KylinFirebirdTDengineToroDB
Specific characteristicsTDengine™ is a next generation data historian purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
» more
Typical application scenariosTDengine is designed for Industrial IoT scenarios, including: Manufacturing Connected...
» more
Market metricsTDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
» more
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17 May 2024

Can Typical Time-Series Databases Replace Data Historians?
8 May 2024

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache KylinFirebirdTDengineToroDB
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