DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. BaseX vs. H2 vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. BaseX vs. H2 vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stack

Light-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.18
Rank	#172	Overall
	#79	Relational DBMS

Score	1.73
Rank	#142	Overall
	#4	Native XML DBMS

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

kylin.apache.org/docs

docs.basex.org

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay Inc

BaseX GmbH

Thomas Mueller

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2015

2007

2005

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.1.0, July 2020

10.7, August 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

BSD license

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XQuery supports types

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Actionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic

Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Triggers

yes

via events

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

multiple readers, single writer

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Users with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levels

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

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