DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. Bangdb vs. Ingres vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. Bangdb vs. Ingres vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stack

Converged and high performance database for device data, events, time series, document and graph

Well established RDBMS

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.18
Rank	#172	Overall
	#79	Relational DBMS

Score	0.08
Rank	#347	Overall
	#47	Document stores
	#34	Graph DBMS
	#31	Time Series DBMS

Score	4.11
Rank	#81	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

kylin.apache.org

bangdb.com

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

kylin.apache.org/docs

docs.bangdb.com

docs.actian.com/ingres

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay Inc

Sachin Sinha, BangDB

Actian Corporation

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2015

2012

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.1.0, July 2020

BangDB 2.0, October 2021

11.2, May 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

BSD 3

commercial

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C, C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes: string, long, double, int, geospatial, stream, events

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

secondary, composite, nested, reverse, geospatial

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)

SQL like support with command line tool

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#
C++
Java
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

yes, Notifications (with Streaming only)

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding (enterprise version only). P2P based virtual network overlay with consistent hashing and chord algorithm

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

selectable replication factor, Knob for CAP (enterprise version only)

Ingres Replicator

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Tunable consistency, set CAP knob accordingly

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, optimistic concurrency control

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, implements WAL (Write ahead log) as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes, run db with in-memory only mode

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes (enterprise version only)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

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