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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Jena - TDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. RRDtool

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Jena - TDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. RRDtool

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Jena - TDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena frameworkA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Industry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRDF storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.75
Rank#84  Overall
#3  RDF stores
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score1.87
Rank#136  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comjena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanneross.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comjena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­doc
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infooriginally developed by HP LabsGoogleTobias Oetiker
Initial release1984200020171999
Current releasev20, April 20234.9.0, July 20231.8.0, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache License, Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSS
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedHP-UX
Linux
Data schemeyesyes infoRDF Schemasyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesNumeric data only
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011no
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Fuseki infoREST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
in-process shared library
Pipes
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
JavaGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesnono
Triggersyesyes infovia event handlernono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoTDB TransactionsACID infoStrict serializable isolationno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemon
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess control via Jena SecurityAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)no

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache Jena - TDBGoogle Cloud SpannerRRDtool
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