DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Jena - TDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. Hive vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Jena - TDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. Hive vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

RDF store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	3.62
Rank	#83	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	58.10
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	59.76
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	1.36
Rank	#161	Overall
	#75	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

cloud.google.com/bigquery

hive.apache.org

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

Google

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

1984

2000

2010

2012

1998

Current release

v20, April 2023

4.9.0, July 2023

3.1.3, April 2022

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

C++
Java
PHP
Python

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in JavaScript

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

via event handler

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access control via Jena Security

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users, groups and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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