DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Jena - TDB vs. Dgraph vs. EsgynDB vs. GeoMesa

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Jena - TDB vs. Dgraph vs. EsgynDB vs. GeoMesa

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Enterprise-class SQL-on-Hadoop solution, powered by Apache Trafodion

GeoMesa is a distributed spatio-temporal DBMS based on various systems as storage layer.

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	3.75
Rank	#84	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.16
Rank	#329	Overall
	#146	Relational DBMS

Score	0.78
Rank	#213	Overall
	#4	Spatial DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

dgraph.io

www.esgyn.cn

www.geomesa.org

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

dgraph.io/docs

www.geomesa.org/documentation/stable/user/index.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Esgyn

CCRi and others

Initial release

1984

2000

2016

2015

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

4.9.0, July 2023

4.0.5, February 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache License 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++, Java

Scala

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

via event handler

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

Sharding

depending on storage layer

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Synchronous replication via Raft

Multi-source replication between multi datacenters

depending on storage layer

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

depending on storage layer

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

depending on storage layer

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access control via Jena Security

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

depending on the DBMS used for storage

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