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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. openGauss vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. openGauss vs. Realm

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonopenGauss  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkAn enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with high-performance, high-availability and high-performance originally developed by HuaweiA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#164  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#184  Overall
#84  Relational DBMS
Score7.41
Rank#52  Overall
#8  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.comiotdb.apache.orggitee.com/­opengauss
opengauss.org
realm.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmldocs.opengauss.org/­en
gitee.com/­opengauss/­docs
realm.io/­docs
Developer4D, IncApache Software FoundationHuawei and openGauss communityRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019
Initial release1984201820192014
Current releasev20, April 20231.1.0, April 20233.0, March 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open SourceOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC, C++, Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)LinuxAndroid
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languageANSI SQL 2011no
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
Native API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C
C++
Java
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesyesno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
Triggersyesyesyesyes infoChange Listeners
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash)none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasSource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyesAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardyes

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache IoTDBopenGaussRealm
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