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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. IBM Cloudant vs. MaxDB vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. IBM Cloudant vs. MaxDB vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkDatabase as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBA robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score2.68
Rank#106  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score2.32
Rank#112  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#348  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comiotdb.apache.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantmaxdb.sap.comtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlcloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantmaxdb.sap.com/­documentation
Developer4D, IncApache Software FoundationIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014SAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997
Initial release19842018201019842009
Current releasev20, April 20231.1.0, April 20237.9.10.12, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaErlangC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languagenoyesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
Native API
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptyesno
Triggersyesyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Shardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoIntegration with Hadoop and Sparkyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnono infoatomic operations within a document possibleACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoOptimistic lockingyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyesAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache IoTDBIBM CloudantMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DTinkerGraph
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