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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. HarperDB vs. MaxDB vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. HarperDB vs. MaxDB vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonHarperDB  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkUltra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.A robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score0.55
Rank#248  Overall
#38  Document stores
Score2.32
Rank#112  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#348  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comiotdb.apache.orgwww.harperdb.iomaxdb.sap.comtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmldocs.harperdb.io/­docsmaxdb.sap.com/­documentation
Developer4D, IncApache Software FoundationHarperDBSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997
Initial release19842018201719842009
Current releasev20, April 20231.1.0, April 20233.1, August 20217.9.10.12, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial infofree community edition availablecommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaNode.jsC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)Linux
OS X
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesdynamic schemayesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON data typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languageSQL-like data manipulation statementsyesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
Native API
JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesCustom Functions infosince release 3.1yesno
Triggersyesyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a clusternonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasyes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be definedSource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoAtomic execution of specific operationsACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, using LMDByesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyesAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache IoTDBHarperDBMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DTinkerGraph
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