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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. Firebird vs. MaxDB vs. OpenMLDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. Firebird vs. MaxDB vs. OpenMLDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonOpenMLDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseA robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsAn open-source machine learning database that provides a feature platform for training and inference
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score2.32
Rank#112  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score0.02
Rank#367  Overall
#37  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comiotdb.apache.orgwww.firebirdsql.orgmaxdb.sap.comopenmldb.ai
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsmaxdb.sap.com/­documentationopenmldb.ai/­docs/­zh/­main
Developer4D, IncApache Software FoundationFirebird FoundationSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 19974 Paradigm Inc.
Initial release198420182000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase19842020
Current releasev20, April 20231.1.0, April 20235.0.0, January 20247.9.10.12, February 20242024-2 February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC and C++C++C++, Java, Scala
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesyesFixed schema
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languageyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
Native API
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
JDBC
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesPSQLyesno
Triggersyesyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)nonenonehorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasSource-replica replicationSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyesUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache IoTDBFirebirdMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DOpenMLDB
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