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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. DataFS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Percona Server for MySQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. DataFS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Percona Server for MySQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonDataFS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPercona Server for MySQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkAll data is stored inside objects which are linked by so-called link attributes. Objects consist of classes which can be extended and de-extended at runtime. Graphs can be defined with a struct.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformEnhanced drop-in replacement for MySQL based on XtraDB or TokuDB storage engines with improved performance and additional diagnostic and management features.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSObject oriented DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsGraph DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#164  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Score0.09
Rank#360  Overall
#17  Object oriented DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.10
Rank#119  Overall
#57  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comiotdb.apache.orgnewdatabase.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.percona.com/­software/­mysql-database/­percona-server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmldev.mobiland.com/­Overview.xspdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.percona.com/­downloads/­Percona-Server-LATEST
Developer4D, IncApache Software FoundationMobiland AGMicrosoftPercona
Initial release19842018201820192008
Current releasev20, April 20231.1.0, April 20231.1.263, October 2022cloud service with continuous releases8.0.36-28, 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC and C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)WindowshostedLinux
Data schemeyesyesClasses, Structs, and Lists are written in proprietary DataTypeDefinitionLanguage (.dtdl) and Objects consisting of those are written in proprietary DataAccessDefinitionLanguage (.dadl)Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languagenoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
Native API
.NET Client API
Proprietary client DLL
WinRT client
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
VB.Net
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
Triggersyesyesno, except callback-events from server when changes happenedyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Proprietary Sharding systemSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
XtraDB Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoIntegration with Hadoop and SparknoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyesWindows-ProfileAzure Active Directory AuthenticationUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache IoTDBDataFSMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPercona Server for MySQL
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