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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. HyperSQL vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. HyperSQL vs. Postgres-XL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAnalytic DBMS for HadoopMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comimpala.apache.orghsqldb.orgwww.postgres-xl.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentation
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera
Initial release1984201320012014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.0, June 20222.7.2, June 202310 R1, October 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoMozilla public license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionality
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyes infodistributed, parallel query execution
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceJava, SQLuser defined functions
Triggersyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonehorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factornone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID infoMVCC
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache ImpalaHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBPostgres-XL
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