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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. HyperSQL vs. Hypertable

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. HyperSQL vs. Hypertable

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAnalytic DBMS for HadoopMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBAn open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as Hadoop
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSWide column store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comimpala.apache.orghsqldb.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.html
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaHypertable Inc.
Initial release1984201320012009
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.0, June 20222.7.2, June 20230.9.8.11, March 2016
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesrestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scans
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
C++ API
Thrift
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceJava, SQLno
Triggersyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factornoneselectable replication factor on file system level
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache ImpalaHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBHypertable
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