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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. GigaSpaces vs. QuestDB vs. RRDtool

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. GigaSpaces vs. QuestDB vs. RRDtool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGigaSpaces  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAnalytic DBMS for HadoopHigh performance in-memory data grid platform, powering three products: Smart Cache, Smart ODS (Operational Data Store), Smart Augmented TransactionsA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataIndustry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Object oriented DBMS infoValues are user defined objects
Time Series DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeGraph DBMS
Search engine
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.97
Rank#192  Overall
#32  Document stores
#6  Object oriented DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score1.87
Rank#136  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comimpala.apache.orgwww.gigaspaces.comquestdb.iooss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.gigaspaces.com/­latest/­landing.htmlquestdb.io/­docsoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­doc
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGigaspaces TechnologiesQuestDB Technology IncTobias Oetiker
Initial release19842013200020141999
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.0, June 202215.5, September 20201.8.0, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSS
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++Java, C++, .NetJava (Zero-GC), C++, RustC infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
HP-UX
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesNumeric data only
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infoXML can be used for describing objects metadatanono infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-99 for query and DML statementsSQL with time-series extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
GigaSpaces LRMI
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
JPA
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
in-process shared library
Pipes
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C++
Java
Python
Scala
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesnono
Triggersyesnoyes, event driven architecturenono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factorMulti-source replication infosynchronous or asynchronous
Source-replica replication infosynchronous or asynchronous
Source-replica replication with eventual consistencynone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infoMap-Reduce pattern can be built with XAP task executorsnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable: ALL, QUORUM, ANYImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID for single-table writesno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemon
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes infothrough memory mapped filesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosRole-based access controlno
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache ImpalaGigaSpacesQuestDBRRDtool
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache ImpalaGigaSpacesQuestDBRRDtool
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