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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. SurrealDB vs. TerminusDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. SurrealDB vs. TerminusDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMSScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationshipsIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Graph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score0.86
Rank#203  Overall
#34  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#325  Overall
#29  Graph DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdruid.apache.orgsurrealdb.comterminusdb.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designsurrealdb.com/­docsterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#docs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation and contributorsSurrealDB LtdDataChemist Ltd.Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842012202220181998
Current releasev20, April 202329.0.1, April 2024v1.5.0, May 202411.0.0, January 202311 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2Open SourceOpen Source infoGPL V3commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaRustProlog, Rust
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Linux
macOS
Windows
LinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL for queryingSQL-like query languageSQL-like query language (WOQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
JavaScript
Python
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyesPL/SQL
Triggersyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedGraph Partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesJournaling StreamsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journalingyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemyes, based on authentication and database rulesRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache DruidSurrealDBTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemistTimesTen
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