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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Prometheus vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Prometheus vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Time Series DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score7.69
Rank#50  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdruid.apache.orgprometheus.iogithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designprometheus.io/­docs
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation and contributors8Kdata
Initial release1984201220152016
Current releasev20, April 202329.0.1, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGoJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Linux
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesNumeric data onlyyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infoImport of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL for queryingno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnono
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyes infoby FederationSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemnoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache DruidPrometheusToroDB
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