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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NuoDB vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NuoDB vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#325  Overall
#29  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdruid.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databaseterminusdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdoc.nuodb.comterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation and contributorsMicrosoftDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.DataChemist Ltd.
Initial release19842012201620132018
Current releasev20, April 202329.0.1, April 202411.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++C++Prolog, Rust
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
hostedhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL for queryingyesyesSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoTransact SQLJava, SQLyes
Triggersyesnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedSharding, horizontal partitioningdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyesyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBJournaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID infotunable commit protocolACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemyesStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative UsersRole-based access control

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache DruidMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseNuoDBTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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