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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. TerminusDB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. TerminusDB vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Scalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationshipsA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSGraph DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#325  Overall
#29  Graph DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.comdruid.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerterminusdb.comgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#www.xtdb.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation and contributorsGoogleDataChemist Ltd.Juxt Ltd.
Initial release19842012201720182019
Current releasev20, April 202329.0.1, April 202411.0.0, January 20231.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialOpen Source infoGPL V3Open Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaProlog, RustClojure
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
hostedLinuxAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL for queryingyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query language (WOQL)limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript
Python
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoyesno
Triggersyesnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingGraph Partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Journaling Streamsyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journalingyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access control

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache DruidGoogle Cloud SpannerTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemistXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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