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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Quasardb vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Quasardb vs. SpaceTime

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonQuasardb  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Distributed, high-performance timeseries databaseSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMSSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.85
Rank#96  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
#6  Time Series DBMS
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#332  Overall
#28  Time Series DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdruid.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerquasar.aiwww.mireo.com/­spacetime
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdoc.quasar.ai/­master
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation and contributorsGooglequasardbMireo
Initial release19842012201720092020
Current releasev20, April 202330.0.0, June 20243.14.1, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialcommercial infoFree community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licensescommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
hostedBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infointeger and binaryyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infowith tagsno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL for queryingyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query languageA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP APIRESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
C#
C++
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnononono
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingSharding infoconsistent hashingFixed-grid hypercubes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replication with selectable replication factorReal-time block device replication (DRBD)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowwith Hadoop integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby using LevelDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes infoTransient modeno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Cryptographically strong user authentication and audit trailyes

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache DruidGoogle Cloud SpannerQuasardbSpaceTime
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