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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hypertable vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hypertable vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.An open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSWide column storeGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#325  Overall
#29  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdruid.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerterminusdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation and contributorsGoogleHypertable Inc.DataChemist Ltd.
Initial release19842012201720092018
Current releasev20, April 202329.0.1, April 20240.9.8.11, March 201611.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialOpen Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availableOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++Prolog, Rust
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
Linux
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesrestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scans
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL for queryingyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
C++ API
Thrift
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnononoyes
Triggersyesnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingShardingGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.selectable replication factor on file system levelJournaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noRole-based access control

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache DruidGoogle Cloud SpannerHypertableTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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