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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. GeoSpock vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. GeoSpock vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonGeoSpock  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
GeoSpock seems to be discontinued. Therefore it will be excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataSpatial and temporal data processing engine for extreme data scaleFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsTime Series DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.85
Rank#96  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
#6  Time Series DBMS
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdruid.apache.orggeospock.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation and contributorsGeoSpockMicrosoft
Initial release198420122019
Current releasev20, April 202330.0.0, June 20242.0, September 2019cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJava, Javascript
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
hostedhosted
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyestemporal, categoricalall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL for queryingANSI SQL for query only (using Presto)Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBCMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersyesnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedAutomatic shardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights for users can be defined per tableAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache DruidGeoSpockMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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