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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. DuckDB vs. Elasticsearch

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. DuckDB vs. Elasticsearch

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSSearch engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Websitewww.4d.comdruid.apache.orgduckdb.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearch
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designduckdb.org/­docswww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.html
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation and contributorsElastic
Initial release1984201220182010
Current releasev20, April 202329.0.1, April 20240.10, February 20248.6, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoElastic License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
server-lessAll OS with a Java VM
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL for queryingyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoyes
Triggersyesnonoyes infoby using the 'percolation' feature
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesnoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoES-Hadoop Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesMemcached and Redis integration
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache DruidDuckDBElasticsearch
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