DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Dgraph vs. Hypertable

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Dgraph vs. Hypertable

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

An open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as Hadoop

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Graph DBMS

Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

druid.apache.org

dgraph.io

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

dgraph.io/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Hypertable Inc.

Initial release

1984

2012

2016

2009

Current release

v20, April 2023

29.0.1, April 2024

0.9.8.11, March 2016

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

GNU version 3. Commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux
OS X
Windows

an inofficial Windows port is available

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

only exact value or prefix value scans

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL for querying

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

C++ API
Thrift

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

yes

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

Synchronous replication via Raft

selectable replication factor on file system level

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Planned for future releases

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