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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Citus vs. NuoDB vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Citus vs. NuoDB vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#325  Overall
#29  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdruid.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databaseterminusdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.citusdata.comdoc.nuodb.comterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation and contributorsDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.DataChemist Ltd.
Initial release19842012201020132018
Current releasev20, April 202329.0.1, April 20248.1, December 201811.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCC++Prolog, Rust
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Linuxhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL for queryingyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java, SQLyes
Triggersyesnoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBJournaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID infotunable commit protocolACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative UsersRole-based access control

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache DruidCitusNuoDBTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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