DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Apache Kylin vs. BigObject vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Apache Kylin vs. BigObject vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

A distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stack

Analytic DBMS for real-time computations and queries

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

a hierachical model (tree) can be imposed

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.18
Rank	#172	Overall
	#79	Relational DBMS

Score	0.13
Rank	#333	Overall
	#147	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

kylin.apache.org/docs

docs.bigobject.io

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Apache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay Inc

BigObject, Inc.

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2012

2015

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

29.0.1, April 2024

3.1.0, July 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

free community edition available

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux

distributed as a docker-image
OS X

distributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)
Windows

distributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL for querying

ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

fluentd
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Lua

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

automatically between fact table and dimension tables

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Read/write lock on objects (tables, trees)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
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