DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Drill vs. Cubrid vs. Lovefield

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Drill vs. Cubrid vs. Lovefield

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Schema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud Storage

CUBRID is an open-source SQL-based relational database management system with object extensions for OLTP

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.95
Rank	#127	Overall
	#23	Document stores
	#60	Relational DBMS

Score	1.20
Rank	#169	Overall
	#78	Relational DBMS

Score	0.29
Rank	#293	Overall
	#133	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

drill.apache.org

cubrid.com (korean)
cubrid.org (english)

google.github.io/lovefield

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

drill.apache.org/docs

cubrid.org/manuals

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

CUBRID Corporation, CUBRID Foundation

Google

Initial release

1984

2012

2008

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.20.3, January 2023

11.0, January 2021

2.1.12, February 2017

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C, C++, Java

JavaScript

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliant

yes

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C++

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

JavaScript

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

Using read-only observers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Depending on the underlying data source

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Depending on the underlying data source

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Depending on the underlying data source

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

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provided by Google News

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