DB-EnginesextremeDB - Data management wherever you need itEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by Redgate Software

DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Derby vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. MySQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Derby vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. MySQL

Please select another system to include it in the comparison.

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Derby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMySQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Widely used open source RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoKey/Value like access via memcached API
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.88
Rank#123  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score3.04
Rank#85  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Score2.56
Rank#97  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
Score964.98
Rank#2  Overall
#2  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdb.apache.org/­derbycloud.google.com/­spannerwww.mysql.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdev.mysql.com/­doc
Developer4D, IncApache Software FoundationGoogleOracle infosince 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun
Initial release1984199720171995
Current releasev20, April 202310.17.1.0, November 20239.0.0, July 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC and C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBCgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
JavaGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava Stored Proceduresnoyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardinghorizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Users with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache Derby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBGoogle Cloud SpannerMySQL
DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

show all

MySQL is the DBMS of the Year 2019
3 January 2020, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

MariaDB strengthens its position in the open source RDBMS market
5 April 2018, Matthias Gelbmann

The struggle for the hegemony in Oracle's database empire
2 May 2017, Paul Andlinger

show all

Recent citations in the news

Tailored Solutions details features of new Label Traxx Version 5.0
26 September 2006, Labels & Labeling

provided by Google News

Apache Derby Vulnerability Let Attackers Bypass Authentication with LDAP Injection
3 March 2025, CybersecurityNews

JDBC tutorial: Easy installation and setup with Apache Derby
20 December 2019, theserverside.com

Using Java DB in Desktop Applications
15 October 2019, Oracle

IBM Acquires Stepzen to Scale AI, Cloud Ambitions
9 February 2023, CX Today

The ApacheĀ® Software Foundation Announces 18 Years of Open Source Leadership
28 March 2017, GlobeNewswire

provided by Google News

Google Cloud Introduces HDD Tier for Spanner Database, Cutting Cold Storage Costs by 80%
22 March 2025, infoq.com

New features make Google's Spanner a database for AI
1 August 2024, TechTarget

Google Cloud Spanner gets dual-region configuration option
23 July 2024, InfoWorld

Google Cloud adds graph and vector search features to Spanner database
2 August 2024, techzine.eu

Google Releases Spanner Graph into General Availability
19 February 2025, infoq.com

provided by Google News

30 years of MySQL, the database that changed the world
6 May 2025, theregister.com

LockBit ransomware gang hacked, victim negotiations exposed
8 May 2025, BleepingComputer

MySQL Explained: Your Guide to Mastering This Powerful Database
29 August 2024, Oracle

Continuent Releases Tungsten Cluster v8, Expanding Enterprise-Grade MySQL High Availability with Powerful New Features and Tools
6 May 2025, Yahoo Finance

Migrate very large databases to Amazon Aurora MySQL using MyDumper and MyLoader
27 February 2025, Amazon Web Services (AWS)

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

SingleStore logo

The data platform to build your intelligent applications.
Try it free.

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

RaimaDB logo

RaimaDB, embedded database for mission-critical applications. When performance, footprint and reliability matters.
Try RaimaDB for free.

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Present your product here