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DBMS > 4D vs. AnzoGraph DB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Kdb vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. AnzoGraph DB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Kdb vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAnzoGraph DB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemScalable graph database built for online analytics and data harmonization with MPP scaling, high-performance analytical algorithms and reasoning, and virtualizationCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.High performance Time Series DBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document storeTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.22
Rank#302  Overall
#24  Graph DBMS
#13  RDF stores
Score13.60
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score7.73
Rank#45  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcambridgesemantics.com/­anzographfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasekx.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.cambridgesemantics.com/­anzograph/­userdoc/­home.htmfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasecode.kx.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
Developer4D, IncCambridge SemanticsGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Kx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcMicrosoft
Initial release1984201820122000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 20032019
Current releasev20, April 20232.3, January 20213.6, May 2018cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree trial version availablecommercialcommercial infofree 32-bit versioncommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageq
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxhostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesSchema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes infotable attribute 'grouped'all fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SPARQL and SPARQL* as primary query language. Cypher preview.noSQL-like query language (q)Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Apache Mule
gRPC
JDBC
Kafka
OData access for BI tools
OpenCypher
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C++
Java
Python
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions and aggregateslimited functionality with using 'rules'user defined functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
TriggersyesnoCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes infowith viewsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneAutomatic shardinghorizontal partitioningSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication in MPP-ClusterSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoKerberos/HDFS data loadingnono infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in MPP-ClusterEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesno infonot needed in graphsnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDyesnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users and rolesyes, based on authentication and database rulesrights management via user accountsAzure Active Directory Authentication
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAnzoGraph DBFirebase Realtime DatabaseKdbMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
» more
Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
» more
Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
» more
Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
» more
Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAnzoGraph DBFirebase Realtime DatabaseKdbMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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