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DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon Aurora vs. MarkLogic vs. TigerGraph vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon Aurora vs. MarkLogic vs. TigerGraph vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon Aurora  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemMySQL and PostgreSQL compatible cloud service by AmazonOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Graph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score7.57
Rank#51  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Score1.80
Rank#138  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comaws.amazon.com/­rds/­aurorawww.marklogic.comwww.tigergraph.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.aws.amazon.com/­AmazonRDS/­latest/­AuroraUserGuide/­CHAP_Aurora.htmldocs.marklogic.comdocs.tigergraph.comdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncAmazonMarkLogic Corp.Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842015200120171998
Current releasev20, April 202311.0, December 202211 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyes infoSQL92SQL-like query language (GSQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptyesPL/SQL
Triggersyesyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioningShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationyesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes, with Range Indexesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAmazon AuroraMarkLogicTigerGraphTimesTen
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