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DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon Aurora vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. gStore

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon Aurora vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. gStore

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon Aurora  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisongStore  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemMySQL and PostgreSQL compatible cloud service by AmazonA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A native Graph DBMS to store and maintain very large RDF datasets.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score7.57
Rank#51  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.14
Rank#342  Overall
#34  Graph DBMS
#16  RDF stores
Websitewww.4d.comaws.amazon.com/­rds/­auroracloud.google.com/­spanneren.gstore.cn
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.aws.amazon.com/­AmazonRDS/­latest/­AuroraUserGuide/­CHAP_Aurora.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsen.gstore.cn/­#/­enDocs
Developer4D, IncAmazonGoogle
Initial release1984201520172016
Current releasev20, April 20231.2, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedhostedLinux
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011no
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesnoyes
Triggersyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Users, roles and permissions, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) supported

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAmazon AuroraGoogle Cloud SpannergStore
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