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DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon Aurora vs. CockroachDB vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon Aurora vs. CockroachDB vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon Aurora  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemMySQL and PostgreSQL compatible cloud service by AmazonCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score8.50
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score6.10
Rank#58  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#141  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comaws.amazon.com/­rds/­aurorawww.cockroachlabs.comwww.tigergraph.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.aws.amazon.com/­AmazonRDS/­latest/­AuroraUserGuide/­CHAP_Aurora.htmlwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.tigergraph.com
Developer4D, IncAmazonCockroach Labs8Kdata
Initial release19842015201520172016
Current releasev20, April 202323.1.1, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesdynamic schemayesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBCGSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesnoyes
Triggersyesyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication using RAFTSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAmazon AuroraCockroachDBTigerGraphToroDB
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