DBMS > 4D vs. Altibase vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. LokiJS

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Altibase vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. LokiJS

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An enterprise grade, high-performance RDBMS

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.37
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.87
Rank	#200	Overall
	#93	Relational DBMS

Score	2.69
Rank	#101	Overall
	#51	Relational DBMS

Score	0.44
Rank	#256	Overall
	#40	Document stores

Website

www.4d.com

altibase.com

cloud.google.com/spanner

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

github.com/ALTIBASE/Documents/tree/master/Manuals

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

Developer

4D, Inc

Altibase

Google

Initial release

1984

1999

2017

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

v7.3, 2023, August 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open source edition discontinued with March 2023

commercial

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

JavaScript

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux

hosted

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

ANSI SQL-92

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

JavaScript API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C++
Java

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

stored procedures and stored functions

View functions in JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

atomic operations within a single collection possible

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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Recent citations in the news

Altibase is Adopted for Presence Service to Provide User Information and Online Presence
8 April 2019, PR Newswire

15 Best Database Software Of 2024
3 July 2024, Spotlight | DesignRush

In-memory OLAP Database Market Is Booming (CAGR of 24.95%)
26 October 2018, openPR

South Korean company to provide database solution to Mobicom
10 April 2020, UB Post

In-memory OLAP Database Industry Growth Factors, Applications, and Forecast by (2024-2034)
26 September 2024, La Funcion mx

provided by Google News

Google Cloud Spanner gets dual-region configuration option
23 July 2024, InfoWorld

Google Cloud adds graph and vector search features to Spanner database
2 August 2024, Techzine Europe

Google Cloud Enhances Spanner with Dual-Region Configuration
1 August 2024, InfoQ.com

New features make Google's Spanner a database for AI
1 August 2024, TechTarget

Google Cloud expands its database portfolio with new AI capabilities
1 August 2024, TechCrunch

provided by Google News

LokiJS - A JavaScript Database
18 November 2014, iProgrammer

provided by Google News

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