DBMS > 4D vs. Altibase vs. DuckDB vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Altibase vs. DuckDB vs. Realm

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An enterprise grade, high-performance RDBMS

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.37
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.87
Rank	#200	Overall
	#93	Relational DBMS

Score	5.61
Rank	#60	Overall
	#34	Relational DBMS

Score	7.18
Rank	#52	Overall
	#8	Document stores

Website

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

github.com/ALTIBASE/Documents/tree/master/Manuals

duckdb.org/docs

realm.io/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Altibase

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

Initial release

1984

1999

2018

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

v7.3, 2023, August 2023

1.0.0, June 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open source edition discontinued with March 2023

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux

server-less

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

ANSI SQL-92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C++
Java

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

stored procedures and stored functions

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

Triggers

yes

Change Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

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Recent citations in the news

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