DBMS > 4D vs. Altibase vs. Drizzle vs. GraphDB vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Altibase vs. Drizzle vs. GraphDB vs. SpaceTime

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Drizzle has published its last release in September 2012. The open-source project is discontinued and Drizzle is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An enterprise grade, high-performance RDBMS

MySQL fork with a pluggable micro-kernel and with an emphasis of performance over compatibility.

Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Spatial DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.07
Rank	#186	Overall
	#87	Relational DBMS

Score	3.32
Rank	#91	Overall
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#4	RDF stores

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

altibase.com

www.ontotext.com

www.mireo.com/spacetime

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

github.com/ALTIBASE/Documents/tree/master/Manuals

graphdb.ontotext.com/documentation

Social network pages

Developer

4D, Inc

Altibase

Drizzle project, originally started by Brian Aker

Ontotext

Mireo

Initial release

1984

1999

2008

2000

2020

Current release

v20, April 2023

v7.3, 2023, August 2023

7.2.4, September 2012

10.4, October 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open source edition discontinued with March 2023

Open Source

GNU GPL

commercial

Some plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X

All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

yes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

ANSI SQL-92

yes

with proprietary extensions

stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol

JDBC

GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C++
Java

C
C++
Java
PHP

.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

stored procedures and stored functions

well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility

Triggers

yes

hooks for callbacks inside the server can be used.

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Fixed-grid hypercubes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Constraint checking

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Pluggable authentication mechanisms

e.g. LDAP, HTTP

Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
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Competitive advantages

GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
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Typical application scenarios

Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more

Key customers

GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
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Market metrics

GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
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Licensing and pricing models

GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
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News

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Understanding the Graph Center of Excellence
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Migrating From LPG to RDF Graph Model
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Case study: Policy Enforcement Automation With Semantics
2 May 2024

Okay, RAG… We Have a Problem
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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